№ 2020/1
International economicsSIDENKO Volodymyr Romanovych1
1State Institution "Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
NEW INSTITUTIONAL FORMATS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBAL E-COMMERCE
ABSTRACT ▼
The article examines the growing trends of institutionalization of the globale-commerce. It reveals the multilevel and multifaceted character of this process, which extends to the policies of both national states and international organizations and regional associations, and involves both state and non-state structures.
The identified main changes in national institutional systems related to digital transformation embrace include: a clearer definition of strategic priorities and tools for stimulating investment in digital infrastructure and developing digital competences; creation of free e-commerce zones; and implementation of a sound legal frame-work for digital transactions focusing on consumer protection, personal data and intellectual property, guaranteeing cybersecurity, promoting competition and enhancing competitiveness for small, medium and micro-enterprises. At the same time, there is an increase in ”electronic protectionism” and measures to restrict the freedom of commercial operations in cyberspace.
The author argues that the global nature of cyberspace determines the centrality of global and regional international organizations in the creation of the latest institutional digital trade formats. A key role in the mechanisms of global regulation of e-commerce should be played by the World Trade Organization, which requires adjustments and innovations in its mechanisms and agreements, in particular for the implementation of regulatory standards for the innovative institutional e-business formats. At the same time, there is a process of forming a network of international organizations for digital trade regulation, with increased differentiation and specialization, on the one hand, and coordination and cooperation of their regulatory functions – on the other hand. Regional policies and regulatory institutions, as well as regional integration associations play an important role in this system. However, the institutional support for digital commerce at the regional level is characterized by a considerable level of heterogeneity, and driven by cultural traditions and differences in the levels of socio-economic development.
Prepared within the research on ”Formation of the Institutions of International Electronic Commerce in the Conditions of Emerging Information and Network Based Economy” topic of ”Research on the Institutional Architectonics of Information and Network Economics” project at the Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine" (2018-2020), state registration No 0117U001686.
Keywords:international organizations, e-commerce, digital trade (commerce), digital infrastructure, trade policy, national and international trade regulation, international organizations and associations, international law
JEL: F13, F15, F55
| Article in Ukrainian (pp. 85 - 110) | Download | Downloads :494 |
REFERENCES ▼
1. UNCTAD (2017). World Investment Report 2017. Geneva: UNCTAD. Retrieved from
unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/wir2017_en.pdf
2. WTO (2018). World Trade Report 2018: The future of world trade: How digital technologies are transforming global commerce. Geneva: World Trade Organization. Retrieved from
www.wto.org/english/res_e/publications_e/wtr18_e.htm
3. World Bank.DoingBusiness 2017: Trading across borders. Retrieved from
www.doingbusiness.org/content/dam/doingBusiness/media/Annual-Reports/English/DB17-Chapters/DB17-CS-Trading-across-borders.pdf
4. World Bank (2018). Doing Business 2018. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank Group. Retrieved from
www.doingbusiness.org/content/dam/doingBusiness/media/Annual-Reports/English/DB2018-Full-Report.pdf
5. The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China (2017). China to further cross-border e-commerce to boost foreign trade, 20 September 2017. Retrieved from
english.www.gov.cn/premier/news/2017/09/20/content_281475872724810.htm
6. Wikipedia. Shanghai Free-Trade Zone. Retrieved from
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_Free-Trade_Zone
7. UNCTAD (2019). Summary of Adoption of E-Commerce Legislation Worldwide. Retrieved from
unctad.org/en/Pages/DTL/STI_and_ICTs/ICT4D-Legislation/eCom-Global-Legislation.aspx
8. UNCITRAL (2019). Status UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce (1996). Retrieved from
uncitral.un.org/en/texts/ecommerce/modellaw/electronic_commerce/status
9. UNCTAD (2016). Data Protection Regulations and International Data Flows: Implications for Trade and Development. Geneva: UNCTAD. Retrieved from
unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/dtlstict2016d1_en.pdf
10. ITU. Global Cybersecurity Index 2018. Retrieved from
www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Cybersecurity/Pages/global-cybersecurity-index.aspx; www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-d/opb/str/D-STR-GCI.01-2018-PDF-E.pdf
11. Drake, W.J., Cerf, V.G., and Kleinwächter, W. (2016). Internet Fragmentation: An Overview / Future of the Internet Initiative White Paper. Geneva: World Economic Forum. Retrieved from
www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_FII_Internet_Fragmentation_An_Overview_2016.pdf
12. Global Commission on Internet Governance (GCIG) (2016). One Internet. Waterloo and London: Centre for International Governance Innovation and Chatham House. Retrieved from
www.cigionline.org/sites/default/files/gcig_final_report_-_with_cover.pdf
13. Asian Development Bank and United Nations' ESCAP (2018). Embracing the E-commerce Revolution in Asia and the Pacific.
doi.org/10.22617/TCS189409-2
14. African Union (2015). Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. Popular Version. Retrieved from
au.int/sites/default/files/documents/36204-doc-agenda2063_popular_version_en.pdf
15. African Union (2019). Flagship Projects of Agenda 2063. Retrieved from
au.int/agenda2063/flagship-projects
16. African Union (2019). Operational phase of the African Continental Free Trade Area is launched at Niger Summit of the African Union, Press release, July 07, 2019. Retrieved from
au.int/en/pressreleases/20190707/operational-phase-african-continental-free-trade-area-launched-niger-summit
17. ASEAN (2017). 2017-2025 ASEAN Work Programme on Electronic Commerce, adopted 7 September 2017. Retrieved from
cil.nus.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/2017-2025-ASEAN-WP-e-Commerce.pdf
18. ASEAN (2019). ASEAN Agreement on Electronic Commerce, signed 22 January, 2019. Retrieved from
agreement.asean.org/media/download/20190306035048.pdf
19. Asian Trade Centre (2019). ASEAN's E-commerce Agreement, March 27, 2019. Retrieved from
asiantradecentre.org/talkingtrade/aseans-e-commerce-agreement
20. APEC (2017). APEC Internet and Digital Economy Roadmap, 2017/CSOM/006, finalized version 24 October 2017, adopted 06.11.2017. Meeting Document Database (MDDB). Retrieved from
mddb.apec.org/Documents/2017/SOM/CSOM/17_csom_006.pdf
21. APEC (2018). APEC Action Agenda for the Digital Economy. Retrieved from
www.apec.org/Meeting-Papers/Leaders-Declarations/2018/2018_aelm/Annex-A-APEC-ACTION-AGENDA-FOR-THE-DIGITAL-ECONOMY
22. UNCITRAL (2007). United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, adopted 23.11.2005. New York: United Nations. Retrieved from
www.uncitral.org/pdf/english/texts/electcom/06-57452_Ebook.pdf
23. WIPO (1996a). WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty (WPPT), adopted on December 20, 1996 (Authentic text). WIPO Lex. Retrieved from
wipolex.wipo.int/en/treaties/textdetails/12743
24. WIPO (1996b). WIPOCopyrightTreaty (WCT), adopted on December 20, 1996 (Authentic text). WIPO Lex. Retrieved from
wipolex.wipo.int/en/treaties/textdetails/12740
25. WIPO (2012). Beijing Treaty on AudiovisualPerformances, adopted June 24, 2012. Retrieved from
wipolex.wipo.int/en/text/295838
English
Русский 
Ukrainian 
