№ 2019/2
Economy under the conditions of modern transformations
NAZUKOVA Nataliia Mykolaivna1
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Investing in early childhood development in the context of reforming educational funding in Ukraine
ABSTRACT ▼
The world community agrees on the conceptualizing nature of early childhood development. This was formulated in the Incheon Declaration and in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The most significant part of the early development concept is the pre-primary education, which covers early childhood educational development and pre-school programs. Society’s investments in early childhood development are highly profitable as resources spent are much less than the return from them: according to some estimates, $1 spent on pre-primary education can gain from $4 to $17 of social return.
At the same time, financial resources, that countries can spent on education, are limited, especially after the latest financial crisis. In Ukraine, the situation is worsened by the domestic socio-economic crisis of 2013–2014. The article aims at grounding the ways of pre-primary education financing in Ukraine in the context of the implementation of early childhood development concept. The author assesses financial support for childcare, early childhood education and pre-school education programs in different countries. The comparative analysis showed a low level of financing and a negative trend in Ukraine, in particular compared with the neighboring EU-countries such as Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. This indicates a low financial viability of providing quality pre-school education services in Ukraine. If the trend remains, Ukraine will lag behind the average indicators of social returns from pre-school education, especially in comparison with developed economies.
The author substantiates the expediency of applying in Ukraine the measures aimed at supporting licensed private pre-school education institutions, in particular, simplifying the procedures for starting pre-school educational activities, state participation in financing licensed private pre-school institutions and applying innovative schemes for financing pre-school education based on public-private partnership.
Keywords: public funding of education, early childhood development investment, productive public spending, public support for families with children
JEL: E620, H520, I220, I280
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 67 - 86) | Download | Downloads :764 |
REFERENCES ▼
1. Zubairi, P. Rose (2017). Bright and Early: How financing pre-primary education gives every child a fair start in life. University of Cambridge.
2. Van Belle, Janna (2016). Early Childhood Education and Care and its long-term effects on educational and labour market outcomes. European Union.
3. Psacharopoulos, G., Patrinos, H. (2004). Returns to Investment in Education: A Further Update. Education Economics, 12: 2. doi:
doi.org/10.1080/0964529042000239140
4. Swaab, D. (2011). Wir Sind Unser Gehirn: Wie Wir Denken, Leiden und Lieben. München: Droemer Verlag.
5. Emde, R., Robinson, J. (2000). Guiding principles for a theory of early intervention: A developmental-psychoanalytic perspective. Handbook of early childhood intervention. New York. doi:
doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511529320.010
6. Farah, M.J., Shera, D.M., Savage, J.H., Betancourt, L., Giannetta, J.M., Brodsky, N.L., Malmud, E.K., Hurt, H. (2006).Childhood poverty: specific associations with neurocognitive development. Brain Res. doi:
doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2006.06.072
7. UNECE Strategy for Education for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from
www.unece.org/env/esd.html
8. World Education Forum 2015. Incheon Declaration. Education 2030: Towards inclusive and equitable quality education and lifelong learning for all. Retrieved from
unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002331/233137E.pdf
9. Marshall. Principles of Economics. doi:
doi.org/10.1057/9781137375261
10. McKey, R.H., Condelli, L., Ganson, H., Barrett, B.J., McConkey, C., Planz, M.C. (1985). The impact of Head Start on children, families, and communities. Washington.
11. Ludwig, J., Phillips, D. (2007). The benefits and costs of Head Start. Social Policy Report. doi:
doi.org/10.1002/j.2379-3988.2007.tb00052.x
12. St. Pierre, R.G., Layzer, J.I., Barnes, H.V. (1995). Two-generation program: Design, cost, and short-term effectiveness. The Future of Children. doi:
doi.org/10.2307/1602368
13. Gambaro, L., Stewart, K., and Waldfogel, J. (Eds.). (2014). An Equal Start?: Providing Quality Early Education and Care for Disadvantaged Children. Bristol. doi:
doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447310518.001.0001
14. International Standard Classification of Education ISCED 2011. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. doi:
doi.org/10.15220/978-92-9189-123-8-en
15. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2018). National Accounts of Education in 2016. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
16. The World Bank Group. Education Statistics. Retrieved from
databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=Education%20Statistics#
17. OECD. Educational statistics. Retrieved from
stats.oecd.org/
18. UNESCO (2016). Financing for early childhood care and education: investing in the foundation for lifelong learning and sustainable development. Paris. Retrieved from
unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000245511
19. Pre-school education in Ukraine in 2017 (2018). Kyiv. Retrieved from
www.ukrstat.gov.ua/ [in Ukrainian].
20. The platform for effective regulation of the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine Retrieved from
regulation.gov.ua/ [in Ukrainian].
21. UNESCO OECD Eurostat (UOE) joint data collection. Methodology. Retrieved from
ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/UNESCO_OECD_Eurostat_(UOE)_joint_data_collection_%E2%80%93_methodology#Basic_concepts_and_definitions
22. Early Years Sector Profile Report 2017/2018. Retrieved from
www.pobal.ie/app/uploads/2018/11/Early-Years-Sector-Profile-Report-2017-2018.pdf
23. OECD. Social Expenditure Aggregate Data. Retrieved from
stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=SOCX_AGG#
24. Eurostat. Social Protection Database. Retrieved from
ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/social-protection/data/database
25. Budget 2019 – Information Pack. Department of Children and Youth Affairs. Retrieved from
www.dcya.gov.ie/documents/press/20181010_Budget2019DCYAInformationPack.pdf
26. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2011). Social protection of the population of Ukraine in 2010. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
27. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2018). Social protection of the population of Ukraine in 2017. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].
28. On Amendments to the Tax Code of Ukraine: The Law of Ukraine dated July 3, 2018, No. 2477-VIII (2018). Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady – The statements of the Supreme Council, 36 [in Ukrainian].
29. UNICEF dataset. Retrieved from
data.unicef.org/topic/early-childhood-development/early-childhood-education/early-childhood-education-nov-2015_47/
30. Government launches First 5: A Whole-of-Government Strategy for Babies, Young Children and their Families (press release) (2018). Department of Children and Youth Affairs. Retrieved from
www.dcya.gov.ie/docs/EN/19-11-2018-Government-launches-First-5-A-Whole-of-Government-Strategy-for%C2%A0-Babies-Young-Children-and-their-Families/5037.htm
31. On Approval of the Strategy for Overcoming Poverty: Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Retrieved from
zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/161-2016-%D1%80 [in Ukrainian].
32. Early Intervention Platform. Memorandum. Retrieved from
rvua.com.ua/memorandum/ [in Ukrainian].