The influence of main agriculture policy tools on the dynamics of crop prices has been investigated. In particular, the impact of the preferential VAT regime (and its abolition), sunflower export duty, preferential loans and the Memorandum of Understanding with grain exporters on the level of farm-gate prices and incomes of agricultural producers were determined. Recommendations regarding each policy tool were provided.
In particular, the main effect of reforming the preferential VAT regime for agricultural producers, which provides the return of the tax on grain exports, is the growth of domestic prices for the value of "non-returned VAT", as well as increased specialization of production, which is harmful to the formation of sustainable agriculture.
The author believes that the establishment of export duty on sunflower seeds contributed to the growth of oil-processing complex capacities, which resulted in high demand and excessively high prices for raw materials inside the country. In addition, given the absence of legislative regulation of crop rotation norms, an increase of planted areas under sunflower leads to the depletion of fertile soils and reduction of the national agricultural potential.
The annual signing of the Memorandum of Understanding with grain exporters increases the opacity of the market because the document regulates export volumes for each marketing year. However, the Memorandum is a more progressive instrument for market regulationth and, for exam-ple, export quotas; so market participants have time to adapt to changing market conditions.
Also in the publication was analyzed the effect of programs to reduce the cost of loans for agricultural producers. In our opinion, the compensation of interest rates is an extremely important tool because cheap loans increase the liquidity of agricultural enterprises. Thus, farmers can sell their products throughout the marketing year, avoiding mass sales after harvesting, which leads to the drop of domestic prices.

Keywords: agricultural policy, prices, volatility, VAT, exports, loans, agricultural enterprises

The article proposes support tools for Ukraine's livestock sector in the face of rising world prices for feed grain. The importance of the subject is based on the existing disproportions in the agro-food sector, reflected in the high profitability of grain production and low profits for livestock producers. Analysis of the relevant papers shows that the economic analysis of "meat and feed" price ratio is absent in Ukrainian literature.
At the same time, a lot of works by Western economists provide important conclusions. First, grain prices are more volatile than prices for meat and dairy products due to a number of factors, the main of which is low demand elasticity. Second, individual livestock sub-sectors respond differently to changes in grain prices. Poultry prices integrate grain market changes very rapidly due to the short production cycle. Hog and cattle occupy the second and third places respectively. Third, meat prices have a cyclicality because of the difference between the producers' expectations and the actual balance of demand and supply. In this case, feed prices can indirectly affect these cycles. In general, for the livestock sector, higher risk means a sudden increase in feed prices rather than a drop of prices for meat and dairy products. Thus, the index of profitability for livestock industries is currently low due to the growth of prices for fodder denominated in hryvnias.
An analysis of foreign trade dynamics in Ukraine shows that meat exports have increased in re-cent years due to increased supply of poultry while the supply of beef and pork has declined. As for imports, after a fall in 2015, its volume began to increase through a large supply of low-quality products, which indicates poor competitiveness of the domestic producer. After a detailed analysis of the literature and current situation in the Ukrainian market, the author presents a number of tools for solving these problems. In particular, it is proposed to use "flexible" subsidies, to subsidize feed crops production, and to grant food consumption subsidies to the population. In addition, a series of decisions are offered to encourage exports and modernize the infrastructure.

Keywords: agricultural policy, prices, volatility, livestock production, feed, export, import, subsidies