Recently, in Ukraine, the commodity component of the economy has been growing against the background of a decrease in the innovative components of growth. Analyzing the indicators of Ukraine's competitiveness, we note that human capital does not meet the requirements of the innovation based model of economic development. This is the reason for the low competitiveness of domestic labor. The employment structure formed in Ukrainian economy during the transformation pe-riod is not optimal. It still does not meet the requirements of postindustrial society but, on the contrary contributes to the deindustrialization of labor. An analysis of occupational employment in Ukraine allows identifying the industries with a still strong demand for low-skilled labor. The leaders here are agriculture and light industry, and the enterprises produc-ing food and transport and communications. The authors have proven that the parameters of Ukraine's labor do not meet the requirements to ensure the competitiveness of the domestic workforce and innovative modernization of the economy.A feature of Ukrainian labor market is that employment does not depend on changes in output, which shows itself in the average coefficient of elasticity of employment changes to changes in GDP. In order to maintain stable employment in the Ukrainian labor market, employers are using, as adaptive tools, the hours of work and wages (in the form of payment arrears and wage freezing). We believe that the corresponding regulating practice does not create opportunities for effective employment restructuring, enhancing productivity and quality of work in the long run. The analysis allows us to provide a prospective evaluation of possible changes in the employment as regards professions and skills. In this paper, the authors have made a fore-cast on the baseline scenario in which the current trends hold. By the end of the forecast period, we can expect some increase in the share of employment in all sectors except agri-culture and industry. In general, as expected, there will remain a significant share of em-ployment in the material production, and, as regards the non-production sphere, here most labor will be employed in trade. A strong demand for low-skilled labor requiring no high educational level will be expected in the forecast period.Growth will hold in the shares of the employed in trade and services, professionals, lawyers, executives and managers. On the contrary, the share of skilled workers will. This demonstrates an aggravated distortion in the occupational structure of the employment and its decoupling with the innovation model of economic development. It is necessary to introduce a selective policy aimed at stimulating the progressive change in the social and labor issues due to the innovative element of employment are in certain regions and sectors. The main criterion for the implementation of innovation is to create an effective, economic job. Especially labor market needs training programs corre-sponding to the priorities of economic development, new sectors and forms of employment

Keywords:labor market, demand for labor, occupational structure of employment, professional development, productivity, wages

The article presents the results of an evaluation of the severity of the legal protection of employment in Ukraine. In order to place the Ukrainian figures in the comparative context, the author uses the corresponding OECD methodology.
Besides, an inter-country analysis of the basic elements of the employment protection legislation has been made, including: the list of possible reasons or grounds for dismissal; requirements for the procedure of employ-ment termination; requirements for mandatory advance notification of dismissal with a specified interval and sev-erance payments; additional requirements for collective dismissals; and regulation of temporary employment.
The main finding of the study is the fact that, in Ukraine, the de jure regulation of employment is excessively severe.
Further calculation of the indicators of employment protection based on empirical studies will make it possi-ble to reveal the strength and direction of the impact of the current national labor legislation on the key indicators of Ukraine's labor market and develop proposals to reform the labor relations.

Keywords: legislation on employment protection, OECD methodology, index of EPL, severity rating of Ukrainian labor legislation

The study's main goal is testing the creation of a scoring model to meet the challenges of forecasting, classification and diagnosis of risk events on the labor market. Particularly, the given model includes joint influence of socio-demographic and skill based characteristics of the employees, provides a point based ranking of the workers by the risk (probability) of the loss of job (unemployment).
The given model not only allows structuring the process of preparing possible solutions for the risk management, but also provides a basis for the preliminary assessment of significance of the employees' characteristics, supposedly related to the probability of their transition to the unemployed.
The use of scoring models as a tool of assessing the risk events in the labor market may be useful both for public institutions, for example employment services, and for the employers.

Keywords: scoring model, risk, labor market, unemployment

The article presents the results of a study on the size, qualitative parameters and structural-dynamic characteristics of the employment in Ukraine's transport sector. The author analyzes the peculiarities in the distribution of structural changes that have taken place in the sectoral, professional and educational composition of this country's transport labor and measures their depth. The structural shifts are considered as a result of the redistribution of labor between industries, professions and educational levels, as well as employment circulation between different professional and educational segments within the subsectors of Ukrainian transport complex.
Applying the simulation of multiplicative factor systems and the method of decomposition according to the scheme of isolated influence of factors, the author estimates intensity and direction of the changes in the professional characteristics of the employed in Ukraine's transport sector in connection with its branch restructuring. In addition, the article reveals the nature of the interaction between the educational structure of this country's transport labor and the inter-sectoral and inter-professional shifts in the employment.
An imbalance has been revealed in the distribution of Ukrainian employed in the transport sector by professions and education level, and the determination of the nature of these differences made it possible to make reasonable assumptions about their causes and ways of their mitigation.
The main empirical base that made it possible to carry out the presented research is the materials of population surveys on economic activity. And the obtained data array on the dynamics and characteristics of the labor employed in Ukraine's transport sector provides rich analytical material that can be used in determining a government employment policy to be aimed at solving urgent problems of the national labor market.

Keywords: employment, structural changes, Ukraine's transport sector

The article deals with the scale, qualitative parameters and structural and dynamic characteristics of employment in the industrial complex of Ukraine, as well as identifies the imbalances of the sectoral labor market and determines the mechanisms for increasing the efficiency of its functioning.
The authors consider asymmetries of the industrial segment of the labor market through the prism of the structural mismatch between demand and supply of labor resources due to low labor mobility, ineffective system of vocational training and limited access to information from the labor market.
The nature of the identified imbalances in the distribution of the employed in Ukraine's industrial complex by activities, occupations, levels of education and wages, as well as types of workplaces allowed reasonable assumptions about their causes and ways of mitigation.
The article presents estimations of the modernization potential of Ukrainian industry in the context of studying the asymmetry of using its labor force. According to the results of analytical calculations, the authors reveal an increase in incentives to create jobs in the extractive and processing industries, while, in electricity, gas and steam and water supply and waste management, on the contrary, such incentives were few, and opportunities for production accumulation were lower than in the extractive and processing industries, which caused a limited modernization potential.
Special attention is given paid to the assessment of the impact of structural changes in employ-ment by activity on the change in labor productivity in Ukrainian industry, which in turn allowed to determine the realocation effect of labor force from low to high performance activities as an important factor in improving the efficiency of operation and development of the industry. Incentives for the redistribution of employment from low to high productivity activities should stem from the formation of an institutional environment that would promote consistent improvement of the quality of jobs, as well as expansion and creation of new productive jobs and decrease in the number of ineffective ones. In this context, of particular importance are the development of financial institutions, access to credit, and the rule of law.

Keywords: imbalance, demand, supply, labor market, wages, labor productivity, industry

The article deals with educational and qualificational features and disproportions of the regional labor market. The authors reveal and summarize the features of structural and dynamic characteristics of the labor market in an industrial region (Zaporizhzhya region), and professional and sectoral structure of the employed and unemployed population. The disproportionality between regional distribution of vocational education and demand for skilled labor is considered in the context of the uneven distribution of employees by professions and economic activities, which led to distortions in the quantitative and qualitative structure of the labor market and further aggravated the mismatch between the level of labor’s skills and the needs of employers at the regional level.
The paper substantiates the conclusion about the autonomy of the trajectories of vocational education development in the region and the labor market of worker professions, which shows up in the excessive qualification of the employed population in the region.
Based on the results of analytical calculations, the authors identified and fully characterized the professional "core" of the Zaporizhzhya region, which covers no less than 80% of all employed in the worker professions and identified, in its structure, the most wide spread professions in the region. The comparative characteristic of the professional "core" with the need of employers and their salary proposals allowed to identify the bottlenecks of the occupational structure of employment in the region.
Since the training of workers in accordance with the policy of decentralization is a prerogative of local authorities, it is at the regional level that workers should be trained to ensure the replenishment of a professional "core". The authors prove that the system of worker training in Zaporizhzhya region is not able to bring the training of skilled workers in line with the needs of the labor market. It is the social dialogue with all stakeholders in the region that acquire particular importance for the modernization of the content of educational policy.

Keywords: imbalance, demand, supply, professional workers, regional labor market

The focus of the presented study is to identify the extent, nature of changes and determinants of professional gender segregation in the Ukrainian labor market, as well as to search for effective ways of equalizing gender disparities in the opportunities and results of male and female employment.
The analysis of the gender professional structure of employment of the population of Ukraine, as well as the concentration of men and women in different occupational groups made it possible to reveal asymmetry in gender based distribution of work, as well as to identify the so-called "female" and "male" types of employment. In addition, it was established to what extent gender groups were involved in the overall shifts in the professional composition of this country's labor force.
With the use of Duncan Dissimilation Index, the author traces how changes in popula-tion employment have manifested themselves in the dynamics of the level of occupational gender segregation in the Ukrainian labor market.
It was found that the increase in the level of occupational gender segregation, which occurred during the period of study period, was caused by shifts in the general structure of occupations, while changes in the occupational concentration of men and women somewhat mitigated the gender imbalances.
It is shown that employment in Ukraine is gender segregated not only horizontally but also vertically and the author estimates the vertical gender segregation. Identified the determinants of vertical professional distribution of men and women. And the distribution of the influence of the workers' personal characteristics and their workplace parameters on the probability of job promotion with the consequences of discrimination in the domestic labor market made it possible to establish that the barriers to women's career growth are largely related to prejudiced attitudes and gender stereotypes about kinds of job suitable women.
Defined possible guidelines for equalizing the identified gender imbalances in employment and ensuring equal opportunities for men and women in the sphere of labor.

Keywords:professional gender segregation, concentration, structure, employment, Ukrainian labor market

The article presents the results of the study on the structure and scale of spread of informal employment in Ukrainian labor market. Based on the analysis of the received estimates, the author makes a social and economic profile of the average worker involved in informal labor relations. The peculiarity of the study is that all estimates are considered separately for hired labor and self-employment, which allows to identify the internal heterogeneity of the structure of informal employment in Ukraine.
According to the results of the econometric modeling, the main socio-economic, demographic, settlement, professional and sectoral factors that determine the involvement of the individual in informal employment in Ukraine are identified.
Described the basics of legal regulation of labor relations as a formal institution influencing the dynamics of informal employment. Established the relationship between the level of flexibility in the regulation of the labor market in the country and the extent of informal employment among its population. It has been shown that in economies with flexible regulation, as a rule, informal employment is lower.
Based on assessments and analysis of the flexibility of labor market regulation in Ukraine by such components as hiring, working hours and staff reductions (rules and costs), bottlenecks in the national legislation have been identified that can cause increased informal employment, which in turn helped determine the main institutional conditions for its minimization.

Keywords:informal employment, employees, self-employment, microdeterminants, flexibility of labor market regulation

The article studies the functioning of Ukraine’s labor market in 2019–2021 through the prism of the status flows of labor force, for which various methodological techniques of analytical research are consistently applied, which, complementing each other, allow analyzing the flows from different angles of view. So, using micro data on labor force indicators and their characteristics, probabilistic matrices of transitions of Ukraine’s population between employment, unemployment and economic inactivity are constructed, assuming that such transitions occur according to the Markov process. As a result, the scope, nature and dominant vectors of the movements of Ukrainians between the three main statuses on the labor market are revealed. Based on the algorithms for calculating Shorrock’s indices – proxy indices of mobility, the author carries out an integral assessment of the intensity of inter-status movement in Ukraine’s labor market. A similar assessment for a number of European countries makes it possible to propose a basis for cross-country comparison of the level of mobility in Ukraine. Using economic-mathematical modeling of multiple choice, the author reveals socio-demographic factors determining the individual's status on Ukraine’s labor market, and in so doing also answers the question of stability of the observed status.
It is shown that the analysis of inter-status mobility of labor force provides a powerful basis for better understanding of the functioning of the labor market, characterizes the mechanisms of adaptation of the latter and allows observing the direction and intensity of flows behind any specific change in gross employment, unemployment or economic inactivity, which makes relevant policy measures on the labor market more targeted. In particular, since the analyzed period was marked by increased unemployment in Ukraine, the author establishes the role of flows in the above mentioned dynamics and in the distribution of the risk of job loss, taking into account such socio-demographic characteristics of individuals as gender, age and education level. Understanding such connections is important for developing high quality solutions aimed at reducing unemployment in the country.

Keywords:mobility, labor force, employment, unemployment, economic inactivity, labor market, Ukraine