HOME PAGE | |
№ 3/2007
PROKOPA Ihor 1, POPOVA Olha Leontiivna2, BETLIY M. 3
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
2Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
3Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Rural employment in Ukraine: territorial differentiation
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2007; 3:56-74 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The authors consider regional peculiarities of rural employment in enterprise, organizations and subsidiary farms, as well as rural labor migration. For the first time, the available statisti-cal base for rural areas of 290 administrative rayons has been used and analyzed for that purpose. The article provides estimates of intra-region differentiation of rural employment
Keywords:
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 56 - 74) | Download | Downloads :692 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Ekonomichna aktyvnist naselennia Ukrainy 2005: Stat. zb. Derzhkomstat Ukrainy, K, 2005, S. 51.
3. Sotsialno-ekonomichne stanovyshe silskykh naselenykh punktiv Ukrainy: Stat. zb. Derzhkomstat Ukrainy, K, 2006, S. 44.
4. Zabezpechennia konkurentospromozhnosti agrarnogo sektora ekonomiky Ukrainy na vnutrishnomu i zovnishnomu rynkakh: Naukova dopovid, K.: In-t ekon. ta prognozuv, 2007, S. 216–218.
5. Ekonomichna aktyvnist naselennia Ukrainy 2005: Stat. zb. Derzhkomstat Ukrainy, K, 2006, S. 13.
6. Silskyi sektor Ukrainy na rubezhi tysiacholit: u 2 t. T. 2: Sotsialni resursy silskykh terytoriy L.O.Shepotko, I.V.Prokopa, S.O.Gudzynskyy, V.D.Yarovyy, K.: In-t ekon. NAN Ukrainy, 2003, S. 455.
7. Prokopchuk S. Bezrobitni v zakoni Uriadovyi kur’ier, 2007, 27 chervnia.
№ 1/2008
PROKOPA Ihor 1, POPOVA Olha Leontiivna2
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
2Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
The population pattern of the rural areas: destructive changes and dangers
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2008; 1:63-84 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The authors provide the results of research on the development of the demographic and settlement crisis in Ukraine’s rural areas for a long period (1991–2006). They define the tendencies, factors and the area of the crisis impact, and work out various proposals as to the improvement of methodology of the determination of its limits. The article provides the authors’ estimates of the changes in the rural demographic and settlement situation until 2015.
Keywords:
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 63 - 84) | Download | Downloads :714 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Kompleksnyi demografichnyi prognoz Ukrainy na period do 2050 r. (kolektyv avtoriv), za red. chl.-kor. NANU, d.e.n, prof. E.M.Libanovoi, K,: Ukrainskyi tsentr sotsialnykh reform, 2006, 138 s.
3. Naselennia Ukrainy-2004. Regionalni aspekty demografichnogo rozvytku, K., In-t demografii ta sotsialnykh doslidzhen NAN Ukrainy, Derzhkomstat Ukrainy, 2004, 342 s.
4. Silskyi sektor Ukrainy na rubezhi tysiacholit: U 2-kh t, T. 2: Sotsialni resursy silskykh terytoriy, L.O.Shepotko, I.V.Prokopa, S.O.Gudzynskyy, V.D.Yarovyy, K., In-t ekonomiky NAN Ukrainy, 2003, S. 47–62.
5. Borodina O.M., Liudskyi kapital na seli: naukovi osnovy, stan, problemy rozvytku, K,: IAE UAAN, 2003, S. 63–72.
6. Andriychuk V.G, Zubets M.V, Yurchyshyn V.V., Suchasna agrarna polityka: problemni aspekty, K., Agrarna nauka, 2005, S. 21, 24.
7. Selo: suchasna polityka i strategiia rozvytku , L.Shepotko, I.Prokopa, O.Maksymiuk ta in, K., In-t ekonomiky NAN Ukrainy, 1997, S. 43–60.
8. Statystychnyi shorichnyk Ukrainy za 2006 rik , Derzhavnyi komitet statystyky Ukrainy, K., Konsultant, 2007, S. 335.
9. Sotsialno-ekonomichne stanovyshe silskykh naselenykh punktiv Ukrainy , stat. zb. , Derzhkomstat Ukrainy, K, 2006, S. 22.
10. Kompleksnyi demografichnyi prognoz Ukrainy na period do 2050 r. (kolektyv avtoriv), za red. chl.-kor. NANU, d.e.n, prof. E.M.Libanovoi, K., Ukrainskyi tsentr sotsialnykh reform, 2006, S. 114–115.
11. Social`naya traektoriya reformiruemoj Rossii: Issledovaniya Novosibirskoj ekonomiko-sociologicheskoj shkoly, red. kol., otv. red. T.I.Zaslavskaya, Z.I.Kalugina, Novosybyrsk, Nauka, Syb. predpryiatye RAN, 1999, S. 43, 45.
12. Petrushenko M., Chym bilshe pratsiuiemo, tym bilshyi vidchay bere , Uriadovyi kur’ier, 2008, 24 sichnia.
№ 4/2010
POPOVA Olha Leontiivna1, PANKRATOVA L. 2, BETLIY M. 3
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
2National Scientific Center "Institute of agrarian economy"
3Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Social and ecological parameters of the activities of agricultural enterprises: differentiation by economic classes
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2010; 4:110-125 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The article investigates socio-ecological parameters of agricultural enterprises, which differ by sales volume (economic class) and economic efficiency. For that purpose, the authors analyze a statistical base of a big array of enterprises with the use of the method of statistical grouping. The article disproves the settled opinion that enterprises with higher economic results better solve ecologo-social tasks
Keywords:
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 110 - 125) | Download | Downloads :618 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. FAOSTAT,
3. Postanova Kabinetu Ministriv Ukrainy vid 11.02.2010 r. №164 "Pro zatverdzhennia normatyviv optymalnogo spivvidnoshennia kultur u sivozminakh v riznykh pryrodnosilskogospodarskykh regionakh", <zakon.rada.gov.ua/cgibin/laws/ main.cgi?nreg=1642010%EF>.
4. Osnovni ekonomichni pokaznyky vyrobnytstva produktsii silskogo gospodarstva v silskogospodarskykh pidpryiemstvakh za 2009 rik, stat. biuleten, K. : Derzhkomstat, 2010, 80 s.
5. Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2010, USA, Table 809, P. 537.
6. Rejtingi naibolee krupnykh i effektivnykh proizvoditelej sel`skokhozyajstvennoj produkcii v Rossii, M. : RosAgroFond, 2001, S. 7.
7. Balakirieva O.M, Galustian Yu.M. Sotsialno vidpovidalnyi biznes v Ukraini: poniattia ta osnovni chynnyky, Ukrainskyi sotsium, 2007, № 5–6, S. 100–102.
№ 3/2012
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Eco-diagnostics of the natural and economic organization of Ukraine’s territories: the agro-landscape aspects
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2012; 3:92-101 |
ABSTRACT ▼
In Ukraine, the optimal rate of arable lands has been exceeded, and the indicators of environmental favorability are much lower than the optimal level. The poorly balanced structure of the agricultural lands with a high share of arable area shows an anthropogenous overload of the agricultural landscapes.
The article provides an assessment of the balance of the natural and economic territorial organization with the use of various methodologies. The rates of ecological stability, anthropogenous load, absolute and relative ten-sion, and the integral rate calculated by the author show ecological vulnerability and critical level of territorial ecological protection, which is a consequence of excessive anthropogenous agrarian load. The failure to balance the economic load with a proper environmental potential threatens with unstable agrarian landscapes and lower quality of the agrarian production resources.
Ukraine’s rich available natural resource potential allows a well-weighted production of the necessary volume of agrarian produce and shaping a favorable environment
Keywords:agrarian landscape, natural and economic territorial organization, ecological and economic condition, ecological rates of the balance of a territorial structure, ecological protection
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 92 - 101) | Download | Downloads :672 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Zakon Ukrainy "Pro okhoronu zemel" № 962 vid 19.06.2003 r., zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/96215/page.
3. Pro zatverdzhennia Kontseptsii zbalansovanogo rozvytku agroekosystem Ukrainy na period do 2025 roku. Nakaz Ministerstva agrarnoi polityky Ukrainy № 280 vid 20.08.2003 r., zakon.nau.ua/doc/?uid=1021.624.0.
4. Zakon Ukrainy "Pro osnovni zasady (strategiiu) derzhavnoi ekologichnoi polityky Ukrainy na period do 2020 roku" № 2818 vid 21.12.2010 r., zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/281817.
5. Pro zatverdzhennia Kontseptsii zbalansovanogo rozvytku agroekosystem Ukrainy na period do 2025 roku. Nakaz Ministerstva agrarnoi polityky Ukrainy № 280 vid 20.08.2003 r., zakon.nau.ua/doc/?uid=1021.624.0.
6. Faostat 2010, faostat.fao.org/site/567/Desktop Default.aspx?PageID=567#ancor.
7. Furdychko O.I., Stadnyk A.P., Metodologiia upravlinnia agrolandshaftamy lisomelioratyvnymy metodamy (Naukovometodychne zabezpechennia), K., Agrar. nauka, 2010, S. 15.
8. Tretiak A.M., Babmindra D.I., Zemelni resursy Ukrainy ta yikh vykorystannia, K., TOV "TsZRU", 2003, 143 s.
9. Metody obosnovaniya programm ustojchivogo razvitiya sel`skikh territorij, monografiya, pod. red. V.I.Frolova, SPb. gos. arkhit.stroit. unt, SPb, 2011, S. 312–319.
№ 2/2013
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Comprehensive housing construction in the village as a component of rural development
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2013; 2:106-115 |
ABSTRACT ▼
Considering the current misbalance between the volumes of housing construction in urban and rural settlements, the author justifies the importance of the construction of modern comfortable houses in rural areas as a driver of progressive rural development. Investigation of the experience of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the realization of a state program of housing construction for rural dwellers based on model projects has shown that, during 2009–2012, in rural areas, 23.6 ths new houses were built (with average cost of one house approximating 50 ths USD). The use of local building materials, cheap labor, and the government preferences have made it possible to lower the cost of houses for the rural dwellers: 1 sq. m costs half of the urban value. The project is a timely one, because of the considerable increase in rural population. In Ukraine, in recent years, the indicator of per capita housing construction has been lower than in Uzbekistan, being the new housing construction concentrated mainly in towns and suburbs. The problem of access to dwelling remains very acute for the rural dwellers because of their low total incomes and expensive credits (the interest rate on mortgage credits, as of early 2013 was 17.6%), while the underfunded government program supporting individual housing construction in rural areas called ""Vlasnyi dim” (Own house) does not satisfy the demands of the rural dwellers. It is evident that, in Ukraine, the best period for encouraging large scale housing construction in rural areas has been already lost. The rural areas are now characterized by a rapid decrease of population, and considerable labor migration with gradual settlement of the migrants in urban areas
Keywords:housing construction, rural population, socio-economic development, employment, “Vlasnyi dim” program, internal urbanization of rural areas
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 106 - 115) | Download | Downloads :676 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Vystuplenie Prezidenta Respubliki Uzbekistan Islama Karimova na otkrytii mezhdunarodnoj konferencii "Sovremennoe zhilishnoe stroitel`stvo kak lokomotiv kompleksnogo razvitiya i preobrazovaniya sela, uluchsheniya kachestva zhizni naseleniya", Tashkent, 17 aprelya 2013 goda, uza.uz/ru/politics/23165/.
3. Makhallynskyi guzar nachal rabotu, uza.uz/ru/society/8264/.
4. Zhytlove budivnytstvo v Ukraini u 2005–2011 rokakh, stat. zb, K., Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy, 2012, S. 99.
5. Statystychnyi shorichnyk Ukrainy za 2011 rik, Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy, K., TOV "Avgust Treyd", 2012, S. 421.
6. Sotsialno-demografichni kharakterystyky domogospodarstv Ukrainy u 2011 rotsi (za danymy vybirkovogo obstezhennia umov zhyttia domogospodarstv Ukrainy), stat. zb, K., Derzhavnyi komitet statystyky Ukrainy, 2011, S. 41.
7. Vytraty i resursy domogospodarstv v Ukraini u 2011 rotsi (za danymy vybirkovogo obstezhennia umov zhyttia domogospodarstv Ukrainy), stat. zb, K., Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy, 2012, S. 190.
8. Natsionalnyi bank Ukrainy. Statystychnyi biuleten, sichen 2013, www.bank.gov.ua/control/uk/publish/category?cat_id=57897.
9. U Minregioni vidbulosia zasidannia Rady asotsiatsii "Vlasnyi dim", Derzhavni zhytlovi programy Budivnytstvo ta arkhitektura, Dostupnyi z, <minregion.gov.ua>.
10. Pochemu buksuet programma zhylyshnogo stroytelstva na sele Elektronnyi resurs .– Dostupnyi z, <dengin.ru/rost/Pochemu-buksuet-programma-zhiliwnogo-stroitelstva-na-sele/>.
№ 1/2014
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
"Own House" Program (support of rural residence construction): a regional cross-section
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2014; 1:97-105 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The purpose oriented program "Own House", which has been implemented in Ukraine since 1998, is practically the only one enabling the rural dwellers to obtain a privileged credit in order to build or buy a house and to equip it. Taking into account the program's importance and social character, the author provides the results of an analysis of various problematic aspects of its implementation by region. The analysis has established the unjustifiably high level of the state budget funds granted for the construction of individual rural housing to certain regions. The share of that source of funding in total value of the commissioned houses, in some regions, amounted to 70–100% with a low funding from local funding (contradicting to the planned proportions of co-funding). The government support was notably focused in the naturally attractive and recreational regions, first of all, in the Crimean Autonomous Republic (in 2013, the region's share in total value of the state budget funded houses amounted to 24%, 24%). Also unjustified has been the support of the construction of large size and high value rural individual houses. With average cost (as expenditures central and local budgets) of the construction of a rural house, within the program, at 65 ths Hrn, in Chernovtsi and Lviv oblasts', and average rural house appears over 6 fold more expensive. The author justifies the conclusion about the advisability of a more even coverage of the program's budget support of individual housing construction based on the number of rural households in each region.
Keywords: "Own House" program, crediting individual rural developers, central budget funds, commissioning of (dwelling) houses, evenness in the distribution of state support.
JEL: G38; R38
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 97 - 105) | Download | Downloads :665 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Vedernykova, I. (2014). Vladimir Groisman: Power is decentralized. At the start of the reforms we have - a month. Dzerkalo tyzhnja. Ukrai'na. – Mirror of the week. Ukraine, March, 6, 8 [in Ukrainian].
3. The system of distribution of funds among the regions in the state program should go into oblivion. n. d. Retrieved from minregion.gov.ua/news/v-groysman-sis-tema-rozpodilu-koshtiv-sered-regioniv-za-derzhprogramami-mae-piti-v-nebuttya-702663 [in Ukrainian].
№ 2/2015
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Development of a multifunctional agriculture: German experience
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2015; 2:148-158 | https://doi.org/10.15407/eip2015.02.148 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The article generalizes the experience of Germany to in the realization a multifunctional (economic, social and environmental) role of agriculture in society. Significantly exceeding the macroeconomic indicators of agriculture in Germany (in Ukraine, the sector's share in GVA is an order higher, and the rates of employment and agricultural use are higher), Ukraine is significantly inferior in terms of productivity: agricultural GVA per employee is an order lower grain yield per harvested area is half as in Germany. Ukraine has a distorted structure of agriculture with a predominance of crop production (accpounts for 76% of farm revenues), while in Germany the main source of incomes in agriculture is livestock (providing 60% of revenues). Based on the analysis of the two countries' agricultural profile ministries, the author reveals significant structural differences in the direction of budget expenditures (in Germany, 2/3 is constantly spent on social policy in agriculture), as well as beneficiaries of aid funds (in Ukraine it is not the farmers, but intermediate entities). The author considers individual directions and patterns of agricultural policy and practices to be implemented beginning with 2015 pursuant to the tasks of the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Namely strengthening the "greening" with the legal consolidation of the provision that 30% of decoupled support will depend on favorable (for the environment and climate) technologies in agricultural production. In the interests of rural development, the tasks include an annual grant of 4.5% of the maximum amount of the national budget as decoupled government aid (European Scheme "Modulation").
Keywords: agriculture, livestock, familyfarms,ministry’s budgetexpenditures, economicsupport, socialsecurityinagriculture, greening
JEL: Q15,Q18
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 148 - 158) | Download | Downloads :844 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Development of rural areas in Germany. Information material. 2010. Retrieved from www.agrardialog.ru/files/.../razitie_selskih_territoriy_v_germanii.pdf [in Russian].
3. Agrarpolitischer Bericht der Bundesregierung 2015. Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft. Retrived from www.bmel.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/Broschueren/Agrarbericht2015.pdf?__blob=publicationFile [in German].
4. The costs and resources of households in Ukraine in 2013 (according to a sample survey of household living conditions of Ukraine. Kyiv: Derzhavna sluzhba statystyky Ukrainy, 2014 [in Ukrainian].
5. The new system of decoupled support to European agriculture in 2015. Implementation in Germany. Retrieved from agrardialog.ru/files/prints/novaya_sistema_evropeyskoy_nesvyazannoy_podderzhki_v_selskom_hozyaystve_s_2015_goda_realizatsiya_v_germanii.pdf [in Russian].
6. Agricultural Report, 2011. A brief summary. Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection of the Federal Republic of Germany. Retrieved from www.bmelv.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Publications/Russian/German-Gov-Agriculture-Report-2011.pdf?__blob=publicationFile [in Russian].
№ 3/2016
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
Cross-compliance as a European approach of mutual compliance with the obligations related to government support aid for agricultural producers
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2016; 3:148-151 | https://doi.org/10.15407/eip2016.03.148 |
ABSTRACT ▼
Keywords:
JEL:
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 148 - 151) | Download | Downloads :709 |
REFERENCES ▼
№ 1/2020
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
INCLUSIVE DEVELOPMENT: A NEW CONCEPT OR AN UPDATE OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT?
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2020; 1:128-141 | https://doi.org/10.15407/eip2020.01.128 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The article substantiates that the concept of inclusive development was formed in the process of evolution of the concept of sustainable development, which remains dominant for civilizational development in the 21st century. The transition to the sustainable development model is permanent process; while its versions change as certain its components are set as priorities (economy, ecology, or social sphere). The goals of achieving equality and social justice were declared in the concept of sustainable development. The concept of inclusive development renews and enhances the socioeconomic dimension of sustainable development. Inclusion is an area of compromise between the social and economic spheres of sustainable development. In addition to these areas, ecology, territorial inclusion, and inclusiveness between present and future generations should also be implemented.
Inclusive economic development is progress that benefits the whole population, so that everybody, thanks to active participation in social processes, enjoys benefits in various areas of his or her life. Creating conditions of solidarity, equal opportunities, access to resources, etc. is an important element of sustainable development strategies for all people. Appropriate institutions are a necessary but insufficient criterion for inclusion, as they should be matched by the behavior of every person in society. It is therefore important to create an environment of tolerance and solidarity for inclusion.
Summarized key principles and international benchmarks for inclusive development. Modern strategies in the context of inclusive development are presented, which are developed and implemented in various countries: building a harmonious society (China), equal living conditions in the city and countryside (Germany), and enhancing corporate social responsibility of large business entities (France).
Despite the obvious prevalence of positive effects, some ambiguities of inclusion are emphasized. As a means of providing access and development opportunities for citizens, including their broader involvement in economic activity, inclusion is quite costly, but one cannot disagree with the conclusion that the cost of exclusion and lost profits is even higher.
The publication was prepared for the implementation of the R&D on ”Inclusive Rural Development in Ukraine” (state registration No 0117U005465).
Keywords:inclusive development, the concept of sustainable development, social inclusion, economic inclusion, strategies for inclusive development, inclusive society
JEL: A13, B52, D63
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 128 - 141) | Download | Downloads :694 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. Ravallion, Martin (2013). How long will it take to lift one billion people out of pov-erty? Policy Research Working Paper, WPS6325. Word Bank. Washington DC.
doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lkt003
3. Roosevelt, Franklin Delano (1937, January 20). Second Inaugural address.
doi.org/10.1037/e592422010-033
4. Hausmann: The economy needs inclusive growth. 10.11.2014. Retrieved from www.vestifinance.ru/articles/49179 [in Russian].
5. The Growth Report. Strategies for Sustained Growth and Inclusive Development. Mos-cow: “Ves' mir”, 2009 [in Russian].
6. Mantsurov, I.H. (2018). Inclusive development as a basis for countering the global challenges of today. Ekonomika Ukrainy – Economy of Ukraine, 10, 71-87 [in Ukrainian].
7. Popova, O.L. (2009). Sustainable development of Ukraine's agrosphere: policy and mechanisms. Institute for economics and forecasting, NAS of Ukraine [in Ukrainian]
8. Documents X1X of the special session of the UN General Assembly (1997, June 23-27). New York. Retrieved from www.un.org/ru/ga/sessions/special.shtml [in Russian].
9. Zinchuk, T.O. (2017, June 27). An inclusive component of rural community develop-ment. In: Intellectual economy in the context of social transformations: perspectives of public-private partnership: materials of the III international scientific and practical forum (part 1, p.16-22). Zhytomyr:. Zhytomyr National Agro-Ecological University [in Ukraini-an].
10. UNESCO (2016). Education for the benefit of the people and the planet: building a sustainable future for all. World Education Monitoring Report. Retrieved from unesdoc.unesco.org › ark: › pf0000245752_rus [in Russian].
11. Creating an Inclusive Society: Practical Strategies to Promote Social Integration. Final Report of the Expert Group Meeting. Division for Social Policy and Development, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Paris.
12. Buchanan, J.M. (1979). What Should Economists Do? Indianapolis: Liberty Fund.
13. Life without exception: What we know about a world accessible to all (2017). Retrieved from www.wonderzine.com/wonderzine/life/life/229016-be-inclusive [in Russian].
14. Agriculture is at the heart of society. Determination of agrarian policy directions and some data on the current state of agriculture (2015). Berlin: BMEL [in Russian].
15. Statute for diversity in the workplace. Retrieved from http;//www/institutemontaigne/org/charte-de-la-diversite-dans-l-enterprise-2050.html [in Russian].
16. Heуets, V.M., Hrytsenko, A.A. (2019). "New pragmatism" as an instrument of inclu-sive globalization (to the 70th anniversary of Professor GZV Kolodko). Ekonomika Ukrainy – Economy of Ukraine, 1, 3-15.
doi.org/10.15407/etet2019.01.005 [in Ukrainian].
№ 3/2021
1Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine
UPGRADING THE NOTION OF “SUSTAINABLE FOODS” IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: CONCEPT AND CHALLENGES
Ekon. prognozuvannâ 2021; 3:77-92 | https://doi.org/10.15407/eip2021.03.077 |
ABSTRACT ▼
The article emphasizes that Ukraine, as an active exporter of agri-food products and agricultural raw materials to the European market, needs to take into account the new EU approach to categorization of products based on their sustainability indicators. The European Commission will formulate a legislative proposal on the framework of a sustainable food system, and general requirements for sustainable foods, and their certification and labeling according to sustainability indicators by the end of 2023. Based on the presently available EU documents (first of all, the Farm to Fork Strategy) the author generalizes the main principles and requirements for sustainable foods that will become standard for all foods placed on the EU market in accordance with public interests.
It is substantiated that the quite new for Ukraine concept of "sustainable agri-food product" has a broader content than the concept of "eco-friendly product" or "organic product", as environmental friendliness is just one of the characteristics of sustainability, along with the climatic and social ones. The main differences between sustainable and eco-friendly/organic products are systematized. A prominent place in the article is given to the climate criterion of sustainability, in particular, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the production and supply of agricultural food (carbon footprint), which meets the target of decarbonization and achieving climate neutrality in Europe.
In the context of creating a harmonized EU methodology for food sustainability, the author considers the content and components of the ecological footprint (land area used for production and utilization, water resources, carbon dioxide emissions, and food miles). The article provides global experience of voluntary certification of food sustainability, and national programs for certification of food sustainability, in particular soybeans in the USA and Canada, which testifies to the growing differentiation of the food market and a tendency towards official certification and labeling of sustainable foods.
The author highlights the challenges for Ukrainian exports to the EU under the increasing requirements for the sustainability of agri-food products. In particular, high levels of greenhouse gas emissions from crops (corn and oilseeds) may lead to restrictions on their exports as raw materials for biofuel production. Tracking of chemical pesticide and antimicrobial residues in exported products is expected to be tightened, as the use of these hazardous substances in the EU should be reduced by 50% by 2030.
The revealed asymmetry of the spread of the concept of "sustainable foods" between foreign (quite common) and domestic (almost absent) scientific and journalistic sources may indicate that domestic farmers might not be prepared for a timely reorientation to production and export to the EU of sustainable agri-food products. It is obvious that the better off countries will be those who manage to modernize their national agri-food systems in advance in the context of ensuring product sustainability.
Keywords:sustainable foods, eco-friendly products, Farm to Fork Strategy, European Green Deal, decarbonization, certification of food sustainability
JEL: Q18; Q01; Q57
Article in Ukrainian (pp. 77 - 92) | Download | Downloads :311 |
REFERENCES ▼
2. High Level Expert Group (2017). Nutrition and Food Systems. Report of the Group of High Level Committee on World Food Security. Rome. Retrieved from www.fao.org/fileadmin/user_upload/hlpe/hlpe_documents/HLPE_Reports/HLPE-Report-12_RU.pdf [in Russian].
3. Syed, Z. (2020, February 7). What is Sustainable Food? Retrieved from www.thedailymeal.com/healthy-eating/what-sustainable-food-and-why-and-how-should-you-cook-it-slideshow
4. Vermeir, I. et al. Environmentally Sustainable Food Consumption: A Review and Research Agenda From a Goal-Directed Perspective. Retrieved from www.frontiersin.org/articles/520238
5. Meredith, J. (2020, December 22). Most Sustainable Foods and How to Eat Sustainably. Retrieved from tofubud.com/blogs/tips/most-sustainable-foods
6. Finney, C. (2021, June 29). Eat this to save the world! The most sustainable foods - from seaweed to venison. Retrieved from www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/jun/29/eat-this-to-save-the-world-the-most-sustainable-foods-from-seaweed-to-venison
7. What is Sustainable Food? A Guide to Eating More Sustainably (2019, April 3). Retrieved from nctce.com.au/what-is-sustainable-food-a-guide-to-eating-more-sustainably/
8. FAO (2021). Vegetables and fruits - the basis of your diet. International Year of Vegetables and Fruits. Reference Document. Rome. Retrieved from www.fao.org/3/cb2395ru/CB2395RU.pdf [in Russian].
9. Portil'o, H. Sustainable nutrition. Retrieved from www.renovablesverdes.com/ru/alimentacion-sostenible/ [in Russian].
10. Paramonova, N. Insect hamburgers and tea became the most sustainable 2018 products. Retrieved from look.bio/post/show/625 [in Russian].
11. Communication from the Commission (2020, May 20). A Farm to Fork Strategy for a fair, healthy and environmentally-friendly food system. COM(2020) 381 final. Brussels. Retrieved from eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52020DC0381
12. European Green Course: Steel Investing (2021, April 21). European Commission has adopted an ambitious and comprehensive package of measures to improve sustainable investment in EU countries.Retrieved from ua-energy.org/uk/posts/yezk-stale-investuvannia [in Ukrainian].
13. "Ritter Sport": stability more important than organic? Retrieved from look.bio/post/show/516 [in Russian].
14. Inception impact assessment - Ares (2020). Retrieved from ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/12511-Environmental-performance-of-products-&-businesses-substantiating-claims_en
15. High Level Expert Group (2019). Agroecological and other innovative approaches in support of sustainable agriculture and sustainable food systems that increase the level of food security and nutrition quality. Heavy report. Summary and recommendations. Retrieved from www.fao.org/3/ca5499ru/CA5499RU.pdf [in Russian].
16. Springmann, M., Clark, M. et al. (2018).Options for keeping the food system within environmental limits. Nature, 562(7728), 519-525. Retrieved from www.leap.ox.ac.uk/article/options-for-keeping-the-food-system-within-environmental-limits; doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0594-0
17. Baddely, Sh., Wolfe, R. Private standards as NTBs: the case of carbon labels. Retrieved from www.wto.org/english/res_e/publications_e/wtr12_forum_e/article_e.htm?art=2
18. Ukraine can lose rape and corn market in the EU - expert. Retrieved from agravery.com/uk/posts/show/ukraina-moze-vtratiti-rinok-ripaku-ta-kukurudzi-v-es-ekspert [in Ukrainian].
19. Law of Ukraine "On the Principles of Monitoring, Reporting and Verification of Greenhouse Gas Emissions" from 2019 No. 377. Retrieved from zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/377-20#Text [in Ukrainian].
20. GIZ Project. GHG emissions from biofuel raw materials in Ukraine. Retrieved from www.ier.com.ua/files/Projects/2011/1_Biomass/GHG_emissions_from_rapeseed_and_corn_ua.pdf [in Ukrainian].
21. Taras Kachka about Green Deal. Ukraine must talk to the EU on competitive advantages (2020, October 8). Retrieved from agroportal.ua/ua/publishing/lichnyi-vzglyad/taras-kachka-o-green-deal-ukraina-dolzhna-govorit-s-es-o-konkurentnykh-preimushchestvakh/ [in Ukrainian].
22. Introduction of European control over pesticides in Ukraine (2016, December 13). Retrieved from propozitsiya.com/vvedenie-evropeyskogo-kontrolya-za-pesticidami-v-ukraine [in Russian].
23. Abuse of antibiotics in livestock: a mortal threat to a person (2019, December11). Retrieved from www.dw.com/uk/ [in Ukrainian].
Events calendar
M | T | W | T | F | S | S |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | ||||
4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 |
18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 |